Defense and national security

Executive Order 14105: Addressing United States Investments in Certain National Security Technologies and Products in Countries of Concern

President: Joseph R. Biden Jr.

Created a national-security program prohibiting or requiring notice of certain US investments involving sensitive semiconductors, quantum technologies and artificial intelligence in countries of concern.

Status: In effect.

Is Executive Order 14105 still in effect? Yes. Active; Treasury regulations effective January 2, 2025.

What does Executive Order 14105 do?

Treasury was assigned the covered-transaction rules and their administration; affected US investors faced prohibitions or notice duties only within that defined scope.

Administration position: The order’s findings and policy rationale were the Biden administration’s positions. This guide distinguishes them from implementation records and judicial rulings.
SignedAugust 9, 2023
Lead officialsTreasury, Commerce and other national-security agencies
Express timingRulemaking required before transaction controls; annual emergency continuation

Before and after

Before the order

The United States screened inbound investment but had no general outbound investment notification and prohibition program of this kind.

After the order

Treasury issued 31 CFR part 850, effective January 2, 2025. The national emergency was continued in August 2026 and current Treasury materials still administer the program.

Who had to do what

Agency / officeActionTiming / position
TreasuryDefine covered persons and transactions and issue rulesCompleted; ongoing administration
US personsProhibit or notify covered transactionsFrom January 2, 2025
Treasury and CommerceEnforce and update technology scopeOngoing

What happened next

EO 14105 signed.

Treasury issued the final rule.

31 CFR part 850 became effective.

The national emergency was continued for another year.