Trade, tariffs and industry

Executive Order 12935: Amending Executive Order No. 11157 as it Relates to the Definition of ‘‘Field Duty’’

President: Bill Clinton

Removed enemy-operations language from two field-duty provisions, narrowing when military members are denied travel and transportation allowances.

Status: In effect. Is Executive Order 12935 still in effect? Yes. Executive Order 12935 remains in effect. See Federal Register record.

What does Executive Order 12935 do?

EO 12935 amended EO 11157 by deleting language that treated service with troops operating against an actual or potential enemy as field duty for two allowance rules. The change meant those clauses no longer automatically denied per diem or transportation allowances solely because the member was with such troops. The underlying order has been repeatedly amended, and current military travel entitlements depend on 37 U.S.C. and the Joint Travel Regulations.

Administration position: The amendment removed one categorical field-duty trigger. It did not guarantee allowances in every operational setting.
SignedOctober 28, 1994
Parent orderEO 11157
Sections changed303(e) and 401(b)

Before and after

Before the order

The cited provisions treated service with troops against an enemy as field duty for allowance exclusions.

After the order

That language no longer independently triggered the exclusions.

Who had to do what

Agency / officeActionTiming / position
Military pay authoritiesApply the revised field-duty languageFrom October 28, 1994

What happened next

EO 11157 established allowance regulations.

EO 12935 removed the enemy-operations clauses.

Current entitlements remained governed by later law and JTR rules.