Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments
President: Bill Clinton
Required meaningful consultation with Tribal officials on federal policies that have Tribal implications.
Status: In effect.
Is Executive Order 13175 still in effect? Yes. Active government-to-government consultation framework cited in current federal rulemaking.
What does Executive Order 13175 do?
EO 13175 directs executive agencies to respect Tribal self-government, consult early with Tribal officials on policies that have substantial Tribal effects, avoid unnecessary mandates and prepare a Tribal summary impact statement for certain regulations. It revoked and replaced EO 13084. Interior and other agencies continue to cite EO 13175 as a governing consultation authority in current rulemaking and policy work.
Claim-level review October 2, 2026: The signed order, NARA disposition and current federal rulemaking references were checked. EO 13175 revoked EO 13084; separate statutes and agency consultation policies may impose additional requirements.
Before and after
Before the order
EO 13084 governed consultation, but agencies lacked the revised definitions, principles and regulatory accountability in EO 13175.
After the order
Agencies adopted consultation policies and must analyze qualifying regulations and Tribal costs.
Who had to do what
| Agency / office | Action | Timing / position |
|---|---|---|
| Federal agencies | Consult early on policies with Tribal implications | Continuing |
| OMB | Issue guidance and review covered regulation | Continuing |
| Agency heads | Designate accountable officials and maintain consultation processes | Continuing |
What happened next
EO 13175 established the framework and revoked EO 13084.
A presidential memorandum renewed implementation.
A further memorandum required updated action plans.
Signed text, official disposition and the cited later implementation records for EO 13175 rechecked.
Legal and source detail
How it works legally
The federal trust relationship, treaties and statutes may impose duties beyond the order. EO 13175 expressly creates no judicially enforceable right, and the required process depends on whether a policy has Tribal implications.
Sources by type
If a source is unavailable, first check the cited publisher or another official repository. The cited publisher remains the authority.
Primary and official sources
Orders, laws, court records and official implementation material.
- GovInfo — EO 13175 (opens in a new tab) Order text
- Indian Affairs — Tribal consultation policy (opens in a new tab) Official record
- National Archives — 2000 disposition table (opens in a new tab) Official record
How we checked this
Last checked against the sources above on October 2, 2026. How we research →